Item analysis is a crucial process in educational and psychological testing that involves evaluating individual questions (items) to determine their quality and effectiveness. The essence of item analysis lies in its ability to improve the reliability and validity of a test by ensuring that each item accurately measures what it is intended to measure. Here are the key components of item analysis:
Difficulty Index: This measures how challenging an item is for the test-takers. It is calculated by the proportion of participants who answer the item correctly. A balanced test typically includes a range of item difficulties to differentiate between different levels of ability.
Discrimination Index: This indicates how well an item distinguishes between high-performing and low-performing test-takers. A good item should have a higher discrimination index, meaning that those who do well on the test overall are more likely to answer the item correctly than those who do poorly.
Distractor Analysis: This involves examining the incorrect options (distractors) in multiple-choice items. Effective distractors should be plausible and should attract some of the lower-performing test-takers, ensuring that the item is functioning correctly.
Reliability: This refers to the consistency of the test results. Item analysis helps in identifying and modifying or removing items that negatively impact reliability.
Validity: Ensuring that items accurately measure the intended content or skills. Item analysis helps in refining items to improve their alignment with the test’s objectives and content standards.
By conducting item analysis, educators and test developers can refine their assessments, making them more effective tools for measuring student knowledge and abilities. This process ultimately leads to more accurate and meaningful evaluation outcomes.
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Reviewed by DepEd Click
on
September 26, 2024
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Reviewed by DepEd Click
on
September 26, 2024
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